How Trump’s wall on the US-Mexico border threatens wildlife

Dagli ocelot ai giaguari fino alle civette nane. Il muro potrebbe avere gravi conseguenze sulla fauna che vive al confine tra Usa e Messico.

US President Donald Trump approved the construction of a wall on the border with Mexico with the aim of limiting illegal immigration, as he had promised during the electoral campaign. Besides representing another barrier and a way to further complicating relationships between the two countries, the wall will also pose threats to wildlife.

Donald Trump wal mexico usa
The wall between the United States and Mexico is one of the most debated promises Trump made during his electoral campaign © Spencer Platt/Getty Images

Wildlife will face an unprecedented challenge

The wall promised by Trump will extend for 1,600 kilometres and could represent an insurmountable obstacle for many animal species that have been roaming these areas for ages, including ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), jaguars (Panthera onca), peccaries (Tayassu pecari), pronghorns (Antilocapra americana), and the northern pygmy owls (Glaucidium gnoma).

The importance of wildlife corridors

Some species, mainly predators and large mammals, occupy wide ranges. For this, wildlife corridors are crucial for animals to move and for plant species to exchange genetic information. The survival of numerous species depends on the possibility of moving freely and finding the best places to find food and shelter and to mate and raise offspring. The importance of interconnected ecosystems has become clearer and clearer in the past decades, thanks to scientific developments in understanding wildlife’s movement patterns.

american pronghorns
Conservation experts say the wall’s construction project doesn’t assess the impact it would have on US wildlife, including pronghorns © David McNew/Getty Images

An increasingly fragmented world

Habitat fragmentation mainly due to urbanisation and infrastructures represents one of the main causes of the alarming decline of many species in the United States. Barriers like walls and highways can interfere with animals’ natural habits, such as seasonal migrations or the exploration of new areas. Limiting their movements also inhibits the exchange of genetic information, making population weaker and vulnerable.

Escaping a changing climate

Insurmountable obstacles like the wall between the US and Mexico would also prevent animals from moving towards different latitudes and escape the effects of climate change. Indeed, many species need to move northwards in order to survive rising temperatures.

United States Mexico border
The border between the United States and Mexico is 3,100 kilometres long. The wall will extend for 1,600 kilometres as the remaining areas are protected by natural obstacles like mountains and rivers © David McNew/Getty Images)

The impact of the wall

The Fish and Wildlife Service tried to assess the impact the wall would have on wildlife and conclusions are nothing short of appalling. The wall could significantly affect 111 endangered species, from Texas to California. Also, it will have a huge cost, could be useless for controlling illegal immigration and will represent a setback for conservation efforts, putting at risk wildlife in the name of an absurd electoral promise.

Siamo anche su WhatsApp. Segui il canale ufficiale LifeGate per restare aggiornata, aggiornato sulle ultime notizie e sulle nostre attività.

Licenza Creative Commons
Quest'opera è distribuita con Licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale.

Related articles