The United Nations have launched new goals for the wellbeing of people and the planet to be achieved within the next fifteen years. There are 17 of them, and they are called the Sustainable Development Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the new targets that the United Nations (UN) decided to launch as a post-2015 agenda during the Sustainable Development Summit, held from 25 to 27 September 2015 in New York. The SDGs replace the expiring Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which defined the first fifteen years of the third millennium. The idea for the new targets, looking ahead to 2030, was put forward during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in 2012 (also known as Rio+20, to mark the 20th anniversary of the first Earth Summit, held in 1992, also in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).
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Compared to their predecessors, the SDGs are double in number: sixteen plus one that calls for cooperation between countries. For this reason, they are also more specific (and costly) in defining the areas in which concrete results must be achieved. For example, whereas the MDGs previously called for halving hunger and poverty, the first and second SDGs now aim to end poverty and hunger altogether, in line with the Zero Hunger campaign, which emphasises how it is possible to eliminate hunger within a lifetime — our own.
The 17 goals have received the approval of leaders from around the world and can be divided into three broad areas: ending extreme poverty, combating inequality and injustice, and tackling climate change — particularly in view of the upcoming and crucial December climate conference in Paris, which is expected to give rise to a new global agreement.
To prevent all of this from remaining something abstract, the preserve of the handful of people who govern the world, the UN decided to launch a social media campaign to bring the #globalgoals to the attention of as many people as possible. The campaign saw the participation of several celebrities from sport and entertainment, as well as the contribution of one of the most important photographic agencies in the world, Getty Images, in creating images carrying messages perfectly suited for sharing on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are as follows:
End poverty in all its forms, everywhere
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End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, decent work and productive employment
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation
Reduce inequality within and among countries
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development