From Monday 4 May, phase 2 begins. From the definition of “relative” to stable relationships, by way of walks and second homes: all citizens' doubts officially clarified by the government.
What degree of kinship is covered by the definition of relatives? What is meant by stable relationships? Can someone who has a second home in the same region where they reside go there? And are recreational walks finally permitted?
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From the morning of Monday 4 May, as announced by Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte at the press conference on 26 April and subsequently set out in black and white in the Prime Minister's Decree signed that same evening, Italy officially enters phase 2 of the coronavirus emergency. Yet here too the exceptional nature of the measures has created no small amount of confusion among citizens about what will actually be permitted and what will not, from 4 May until 18 May, the expiry date of the new Dpcm.
For this reason the government has, for the second time — as it did following the first #iorestoacasa decree of 10 March — issued a point-by-point guide, answering frequently asked questions in precise detail in an attempt to provide definitive clarity. It should also be read bearing in mind that the Ministry of the Interior, in a circular signed by Chief of Staff Matteo Piantedosi, stated that with regard to movement, a great deal of reliance will be placed on citizens' sense of responsibility: 
Can I travel to visit someone?
Travel is permitted exclusively to meet one's own relatives, which must be considered among the movements justified by necessity. It is nonetheless strongly recommended to limit contact with people not living in the same household as much as possible, as this increases the risk of contagion. On the occasion of such meetings, the following must be observed: the prohibition on gatherings, interpersonal distancing of at least one metre, and the obligation to wear masks for respiratory protection.
Who are the relatives one is permitted to meet?
The relatives referred to in the Dpcm include, pursuant to the rules on kinship and affinity, spouses, cohabiting partners, civil union partners, people bound by a stable emotional relationship, as well as relatives up to the sixth degree (such as, for example, children of cousins with one another) and relatives by affinity up to the fourth degree (such as, for example, a spouse's cousins).
Can I go out for a walk?
You may only go out with a specific destination in mind, or to exercise. The government specifies that you may only leave your home to go to work, for health reasons, out of necessity, or to engage in outdoor sporting or physical activity. Accordingly, walks are permitted only if strictly necessary to make a journey justified by one of the reasons just mentioned.
Are there restrictions on movement for people with symptoms of respiratory infection and a fever above 37.5°?
People with symptoms of respiratory infection and a fever (above 37.5° C) must remain at their home and limit social contact as much as possible, contacting their own doctor.
Can I go out to purchase goods other than food?
Yes, but only to purchase products falling within the categories of goods whose sale is permitted, as expressly provided for by the Dpcm of 26 April 2020.
Once one has returned to one's home/dwelling/place of residence, is it possible to travel again outside the region reached?
The Dpcm of 26 April 2020 permits travel between different regions exclusively where the following apply: proven work-related needs, or absolute urgency, or health reasons. Therefore, once one has returned to one's home/dwelling/place of residence, even having come from another region, travel outside the borders of the region in which one is located will no longer be permitted unless one of the legitimate reasons for travel listed above applies.
I have a minor child — can I take them to a park, a villa or a public garden?
Yes. Public access to parks, villas and public gardens is permitted, subject however to strict compliance with the prohibition on any form of gathering and with the interpersonal safety distance of one metre. Play areas equipped for children may not be used.
Is physical or sporting activity permitted?
Outdoor sporting and physical activity is permitted only if carried out individually, unless it involves people living in the same household. From 4 May onwards, outdoor sporting and physical activity will no longer be restricted to the vicinity of one's home. One accompanying person will be permitted for minors or for people who are not fully self-sufficient. It is mandatory to maintain an interpersonal distance of at least two metres for sporting activity, and one metre for simple physical activity. Gatherings are prohibited in all cases. In order to carry out the physical or sporting activity referred to above, travel by public or private means to reach the chosen location for such activities is also permitted. Physical or sporting activity outside one's own region is not permitted.
Can I use a bicycle?
The use of a bicycle is permitted to travel to one's workplace, place of residence, or shops that continue to operate. It is also permitted to use a bicycle for outdoor physical activity. In all circumstances the prescribed interpersonal safety distance must be observed. To further encourage the use of bicycles, the government is studying the introduction, in an upcoming decree, of a €200 voucher for residents of cities towards the purchase of traditional, electric and pedal-assisted bicycles, as well as other predominantly electrically powered vehicles such as electric scooters.
Can I visit a cemetery outside of funeral services?
Yes, travel within one's own region to visit the deceased at cemeteries is permitted, always in compliance with the interpersonal safety distance of at least one metre and the prohibition on gatherings. As with parks, the prohibition on gatherings must always be observed in cemeteries too, and where such gatherings cannot be avoided, the mayor may order their temporary closure.
What rules must traders and managers of commercial establishments that are open adhere to?
All activities must maintain social distancing, and environmental cleaning and hygiene must be carried out at least twice a day and in line with opening hours. It is also mandatory to enforce anti-contagion measures, such as allowing one person at a time into small shops and regulated, staggered access in larger premises, the use of masks and gloves for workers, and the use of hand sanitiser gel and disposable gloves for supermarket customers — to be made available near checkouts and payment systems — as well as, where possible, separate routes for entry and exit.
On public holidays and the days preceding them, are shopping centres and markets closed?
No, there is no difference between weekdays, days preceding public holidays, and public holidays themselves, nor between retail premises based on their size. Supermarkets and hypermarkets located in shopping centres, like other retail outlets, may open every day. As regards markets, both open-air and covered, only the sale of food products and agricultural produce may be carried out in them.
Is the in-store sale of all products whose production is still permitted allowed?
No. The sections selling products that are not among the essential ones will remain closed to retail sale.
Are activities involving the serving of food and beverages, including artisanal establishments, that allow on-site consumption, or the preparation of takeaway meals, suspended?
Yes, activities involving the serving of food and beverages are suspended, with the exception, however, of establishments that carry out home delivery or a takeaway service. The home delivery service must in any case be carried out in compliance with health and hygiene requirements. Retailers may equip themselves with a counter for handing over goods at the entrance to the premises, or alternatively limit access to the premises in order to ensure compliance with the aforementioned interpersonal safety distance.
Will car dealerships be able to reopen on 4 May?
Yes, it is permitted to go to a dealership to purchase a vehicle, have a service carried out, have tyres changed, and carry out other maintenance activities.
Under the DPCM of 26 April 2020, which productive activities may resume?
From 4 May 2020, several industrial productive activities resume with the restart of the manufacturing and construction sectors, together with the wholesale trade of the related supply chains. Also now included are those relating to the textile, fashion, automotive, extractive industry, and furniture manufacturing sectors. Notification to the prefect is no longer required in order to continue the activities of continuous-cycle production plants, the activities of the aerospace and defence industry, including processing, plants, materials, services and infrastructure essential to national security and public rescue, as well as activities aimed at ensuring the continuity of productive supply chains.
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Companies whose activities are not suspended must in any case comply with the contents of the protocols governing measures to combat and contain the spread of the covid-19 virus. Failure to implement the protocols in a way that does not ensure adequate levels of protection will result in the suspension of the activity until safety conditions are restored.
Is the continuation of conservation and restoration activities on works of art permitted?
Yes, restoration activities aimed at the conservation of works of art such as paintings, frescoes, sculptures, mosaics, tapestries and archaeological artefacts are permitted.
Can those who carry out repair and maintenance activities on railway, tram, trolleybus and underground rolling stock continue their activity?
Yes. The activity may continue to be carried out as it is expressly authorised by the decree.
Must professional activities, such as that of a condominium administrator, be suspended if carried out in the form of a business?
All professional activities, regardless of the form in which they are carried out, are expressly permitted, as the nature of the activity takes precedence over the form in which it is practised. Any activity, even if suspended, may continue to be carried out if organised in remote or smart-working mode (a circumstance that also applies to condominium management).
Can domestic workers, carers and babysitters continue to work only if they are live-in?
They may continue to work, regardless of whether they are live-in.
Do construction sites remain open?
Yes. The "civil engineering" category includes, by way of example, the construction of roads, motorways and airport runways, the construction of railway lines and underground railways, the construction of bridges and tunnels, the construction of public utility works for fluid transport, the construction of public utility works for electricity and telecommunications, the construction of hydraulic works, and the completion of social housing.
Is it permitted to carry out work on agricultural or forestry land used for self-consumption production, including the cutting of firewood also for self-consumption?
Yes, the cultivation of land for agricultural or forestry use and activities directly aimed at production for self-consumption are permitted, on condition that the person concerned declares, by means of a self-declaration containing all the necessary information for the relevant verification, that they own such productive agricultural or forestry land and that it is
